Basics of Diabetes

Basics of Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose (or blood sugar) resulting from the body's inability to produce or effectively use insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by allowing cells to utilize glucose for energy.

Common Signs

Thirst and urination: Excessive thirst and frequent urination; Hunger: Feeling very hungry, even when eating.

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Risk Factors

Family history of diabetes; Being overweight or obese; Sedentary lifestyle; Increasing age; Certain ethnic backgrounds; Poor diet

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Diagnosis

Fasting blood glucose tests; Oral glucose tolerance tests; Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) tests

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Treatment

Lifestyle modifications (healthy diet and physical activity); Medication (insulin injections, oral medications).

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